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英语干货 | 告别混淆!一文读懂 do/did/does 的核心区别与用法
“为什么‘I do’和‘He does’长得不一样?”“过去时为什么要用‘did’?”——这是许多英语学习者在动词变形时的常见困惑。今天,我们用3个核心规则+5个生活场景,帮你彻底掌握这三个“小词”的用法!
01
一、do/did/does 的核心区别:时间+人称
时间轴定位
①do/does:一般现在时(表示习惯、真理、现在状态)
展开剩余82%例:I do yoga every morning.(习惯)
②did:一般过去时(表示过去发生的动作)
例:She did her homework yesterday.(已完成)
人称决定形式
①do:第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you)、复数(they/students)
例:We do love pizza!
②does:第三人称单数(he/she/it/Tom)
例:Tom does work hard, but he needs rest.
③did:所有人称通用(过去时无单复数变化)
例:They did arrive on time.
记忆口诀:
“现在时看人称,过去时用did;三单加-es,疑问否定别忘记!”
02
5大高频场景实操
场景1:日常习惯
✅ 正确:My sister does yoga at 6 AM.
❌ 错误:My sister do yoga at 6 AM.(三单漏加-es)
场景2:过去经历
✅ 正确:Did you watch the movie last night?
❌ 错误:Do you watch the movie last night?(时态混淆)
场景3:强调语气
✅ 正确:I did tell you to bring an umbrella!(强调“确实说过”)
❌ 错误:I do tell you…(时态错误)
场景4:疑问句与否定句
疑问句:Do they like coffee? → Did they like coffee yesterday?
否定句:She doesn’t eat meat. → She didn’t eat meat last week.
场景5:替代动词避免重复
✅ 正确:— Does your brother swim well? — Yes, he does!
❌ 错误:— Does your brother swim well? — Yes, he swims well.(冗余)
03
外教小贴士:如何自然运用?
①口语中“do”的隐藏功能:
用于强调动作:“I do want to help!”(比“I want”感情更强烈)
代替前文动词:— Do you cook? — Yes, I do.”
②易错点警示:
不要滥用“did”!仅用于明确过去时间的句子(如yesterday/last week)。
三单(-es)规则:以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾的单词加-es(如goes, watches)。
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